I felt compelled to make a summary of engineer Robert L. Schroeder’s thinking about the scientific basis for the technology of ET spaceships.
If his predictions and general ideas are verified through predicted measurements and further experimental advances in particle accelerators, his work will help demystify the concept that scientific laws related to General Relativity make it impractical to “travel” between great cosmic distances. Here the acronym “UFO” will be basically used as an equivalent to “extraterrestrial space vehicle based on gravity control.”
Mr. Schroeder usually starts his lectures by affirming that the universe known by standard physics is rather simple in that it has 3 types of main components: The 4 basic particles of matter, the particles that transmit the 4 known forces of nature and space-time.
The “messenger” particles that transmit the 4 fundamental forces of nature are: The photon (electromagnetism), the gluon with spin 1 (the strong nuclear force that keeps the nucleus of the atoms together), bosons w+, w- and z neutral (the weak nuclear force responsible for radioactivity) and the graviton with spin 2 (gravitational force). The Higgs particle with spin 0 would be responsible of giving mass to subatomic particles and could be considered as a field.
Among the 4 basic particles of matter there are electrons (a lepton), protons and neutrons, but protons and neutrons are themselves made up of “quarks” and in 99.9999% of matter there are 2 basic types of quarks. These are the “up quark” and “down quark.” We also have a ghostly particle called “neutrino” and, including the electron, up quark and down quark and the neutrino we would have the 4 particles that make most of the known material universe. Considering “super symmetry”1 there could exist more energetic versions of these 4 particles, (now called “sparticles”).
“Space-time” would be the scenery or background environment in which matter particles and the particles of force interact. Scientists are quite interested in the particles of forces, in the forces of nature that lead us to think that they were all unified in a “super force” during the “Big Bang.” Unifying these 4 forces would be the great goal of physicists.
They have already been able to theoretically reunify/explain the electromagnetic force with the weak nuclear force and they call this the “electroweak” force. In particle accelerators they have also recreated this force. They are also trying to reunify (above all theoretically) the strong nuclear force with the electroweak force and this effort is called “GUT” (Grand Unified Theory). The big problem has been that they have not been able to include gravity along with the other forces.
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