Following the accelerated expansion discovery of the Universe, scientists introduced dark energy concepts, which faced issues like the cosmological constant problem.
Researchers at IKBFU developed a holographic dark energy model based on quantum gravity, which views the Universe as a hologram. This model, initially unstable, was refined to treat dark energy as perturbations, stabilizing it. It is now being tested against observational data for accuracy.
In 1998, scientists made the groundbreaking discovery that the Universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. To account for this phenomenon, they introduced the concept of dark energy—a mysterious form of energy that permeates all of space-time yet remains undetectable through direct observation. While dark energy is incorporated into the standard cosmological model, researchers have identified several unresolved issues, such as the cosmological constant problem and the fine-tuning dilemma, that this model cannot fully explain. Consequently, scientists are developing new models aimed at coherently describing the Universe’s accelerated expansion.
Scientists at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU) in Kaliningrad considered an alternative model — a holographic dark energy model — and have proven its viability. The results of the research have been published in Physics Letters B.
“It’s a slightly different way of looking at the nature of accelerated expansion of the Universe. It stems from the holographic principle which follows from quantum gravity and string theory. According to it, all values inside a certain amount of volume can be described by parameters that are observed on its boundary. In other words, the Universe can be represented in the form of some hologram, and it can be described by the parameters on its boundaries,” says Alexander Tepliakov, junior researcher at the laboratory for mathematical modeling of complex and non-linear systems at IKBFU.
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