Scientists and spacecraft controllers in Denver, Bangalore and many points in between are preparing for a rush of activity at the planet Mars, where two new spacecraft designed to study its atmosphere will arrive later this month, followed shortly thereafter by a rare Oort Cloud comet.

If all goes as planned, the two orbiters and the comet Siding Spring should add volumes to human knowledge about where most of the red planet’s water went, and perhaps about how it got there in the beginning.

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