IV. ACCELERATION FROM THE ENTROPY AND SURFACE TERMS
We consider the least additional assumption is that general relativity is correct, and that
it can be easily understood and derived from a variational principle using the action. The
ingredient that is usually neglected is the surface term. We show that, under reasonable
assumptions, this surface term leads to an acceleration term in the Friedmann-Lema^tre
equations. There is a solution to the acceleration equation that evolves from a decelerating
to an accelerating phase.
Entropic Accelerating Universe
Damien A. Easson, Paul H. Frampton and George F. Smoot
They get the same result I got,
We now adopt a different approach, with no dark energy, where instead the central role is
played by the ideas of information and holography, entropy and temperature.
The first and only assumption is holography, by which we understand that all the information about the universe is encoded on a screen, here taken as the two-dimensional surface of the universe.
At this horizon, there is a horizon temperature, T, which we can estimate as
T ~ c^2/(Horizon Area)^1/2
Such a temperature is closely related to the de Sitter temperature. More relevant to the
central question is the fact that the temperature of the horizon screen leads to the concomitant entropic force and resultant acceleration of the horizon given by the Unruh [5]
relationship ...
When T is used in Eq. (7), we arrive at a cosmic acceleration essentially in agreement with
the observation.
From this viewpoint, the dark energy is non-existent. Instead there is an entropic force
acting at the horizon and pulling outward towards the horizon to create the appearance of a dark energy component.
But the pull is retro-causal from our future event horizon.